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Female genital mutilation

R v Noor: a landmark case in female genital mutilation prosecution

The WHO (2024) classifies female genital mutilation into four types. Type 1 is the partial or total removal of the clitoral glans (the external and visible part of the clitoris, which is a sensitive...

Analysis of a specialist service for non-pregnant women with female genital mutilation: 2008–2019

A retrospective case note review was conducted of clinic records from 1 October 2008 to 31 December 2019. Information on demographic (year and country of birth, length of time in the UK, level of...

Digital health innovation to support sensitive enquiry about female genital mutilation

The ‘Let's talk FGM’ app was an MSA project. App development followed the phases and outputs of NHS Innovations South East (2014) as a project guide, namely: planning, developing app content, design...

The Acton Model: support for women with female genital mutilation

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a global healthcare problem affecting an estimated 200 million women and girls, worldwide (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016) It is defined as ‘all procedures...

A review of the law surrounding female genital mutilation protection orders

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a procedure where the female genitalia are altered, injured or removed (World Health Organization [WHO], 2020) without medical indication (Crown Prosecution Service...

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